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The eruption of Fernandina Island, Galapagos Cruises & Tours News
BACKGROUND
Isla Fernandina Island is the westernmost of the Galapagos Islands. Volcanoes is one of the youngest and most active of our planet.
There are no human settlements on the island.
Fernandina Island has a site visitor Punta Espinoza (which is the northeast corner of the island)
This raises shield volcano 1476 meters (4842 feet)
Previous eruption took place between January and April 1995.
island volcanoes behave very differently from continental volcanoes
The total amount of gas is low (in comparison with continental volcanoes). Therefore, the lack of high-explosive eruptions (such as trapping, Mount St. Helens, Mount Etna, etc.).
On the island volcanoes Lava does not leave a ventilation system. The eruption of the island are more often crack flares. These cracks may be radial or circumferential.
The eruption crrent began Friday, May 13, 2005. A circumferential crack located on the southern flank of the volcano is the source of molten rock. The crack is the height of about 1,100 meters (4,000 feet).
Current crack length of 6 km (4 miles). The rash is seen as a source of water bursting from linear increase molten rock. height of the source of lava reached Maximmum 8-10 meters (25-30 feet).
The crack is now in the outer flanks of the volcano (as opposed to the floor of the caldera). Therefore, once the lava operating below the volcano.
When the cracks are small (short), the rash lasts for a small discharge area of lava. That's why that 1995 is the eruption lasted nearly four months. Then, once the small slit open, a cone of projection has been formed and the molten rock that erupted continuously (a bit like a mixture of the most active orange / red sauce that will have to see.) A month later, the walls of the membrane is broken and the lava began to flow towards the coast. It took a week for the lava to reach the ocean.
When the cracks are long (as the eruption in progress) of the eruption tends to be short, since all the molten rock has an extension of time to escape. The stream of about 7 km (4.5 miles), but not enough material to reach the shore. The flow stopped about 5 km (3 miles) from the coast.
The crust of the lava cools slowly, and creates an insulating layer. Then, the liquid lava continues for at least another month to cool completely.
To learn more about past eruptions in Fernandina, click: http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=1503-01=&VErupt=Y&VSources=Y&VRep=Y&VWeekly=N&volpage = var # Bgvn_2001
Questions and answers
It is a dangerous eruption? By all means. All eruptions are dangerous. However, there are less dangerous eruptions others, such as the volcanic island. It is not too volatile.
What happens to plants and animals the fauna of the island? Nothing survives on the strength of flow lava. The main reason is the high temperature (T can be as hot as 2000 C). The eruptions are normal processes of island biology. They are inevitable and difficult to predict when they occur WLL.
Is it good to have rashes? Of course. Eruptions should be considered an "evolutionary mechanism for cleaning. Well, nothing survives this new land allows the replacement of natural species (eg, pioneers cons peak). This is the level where natural selection acts on those who survive and coming.
ship itineraries are modified? It is very probable. The Galapagos National Park allows ships to change their routes to show the uniqueness of Galapagos eruption. Best viewing hours are in total darkness. The best, perhaps, is to get up at 4:30, the day before the eruption of colors, lava flows, and little by little the arrival of a new day at dawn. The mighty giant volcano and finally to his face.
Why are there so many clouds when the lava reaches the water? The sudden change in temperature of the lava cools almost immediately, but the high temperature of lava evaporates sea water to super speed of sound. These clouds are 90% vapor water, and 10% of volcanic gases.
How long will the rash last? It's hard to say. What the M / V Santa Cruz and Yacht Isabela II Galapagos Cruise witnesses during the weekend is a sign that the eruptions are the most difficult things to predict. For example, the M / V Galapagos Cruise Santa Cruz has seen the flow 0400 Saturday, May 14, the yacht Isabela II Galapagos Cruise has been very little activity on the afternoon of Sunday, May 15 The main crack has ceased to volcanic activity. As the lava continues to move slowly in the crust already formed, some may leave and it seems that the eruption continues. This probably can be considered for the next two weeks. Due to the massiveness of Fernandina, and when the ship can be localized these explosions will be invisible to the naked eye.
Where I can see a crack radial or peripheral? If you have visited Genovesa (Tower) the way Prince Philip has an area of distinct stages in the normally stopped by groups of short-eared owl. Usually sit in the hills minutes in front of a large crack that runs forever. The crack is only 2-3 meters wide (7-10 feet). This radial crack is a crack. Several examples of circumferential cracks can be found throughout Darwin Bay, Genovesa.
When the next eruption? We wish we knew. It is impossible to say exactly when that will happen. Island volcanoes very little warning. In addition, there are events very quickly. Volcanoes of Galapagos however, have the eruptions every six years.
If there is an eruption, the volcano is dead? Never. Geologists say … "There is no such thing as an extinct volcano. "They are right. There are volcanoes that have been dormant for hundreds of years, and all suddenly produce a catastrophic explosion (for example, Montserrat in the Caribbean). The truth is that volcanoes are an active area, and have not erupted in historic times, have the most serious threats and consequences. Each volcano can be reactivated. Galapagos examples of activities (no permanent eruptions) of which, Sierra Negra, Alcedo, Cerro Azul, Round Rock, and the continent, we understand Pichincha, Cotopaxi, Antisana, Cotacachi, Sangay, Sumaco, among others.
ALL Information compiled by DOUSDEBES FRANCISCO expedition manager GALAPAGOS
For more information visit Galapagos Cruise Tours:
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About the Author
Eric Castro, chief editor of Posicionarte in Quito, Ecuador.
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